示踪气体法利用人体作为CO_2释放源测量宿舍换气次数的方法探究

Discussion on Measuring Ventilation Rates of Dorms through Tracer Gas Method with Human Body as CO_2 Release Source

测量自然通风情况下学生宿舍的通风量对研究高校学生宿舍的室内空气品质具有重要意义。示踪气体法利用人体作为CO2释放源具有安全、方便、低成本等优点及大规模推广的可能性,但目前国内研究利用人体作为CO2释放源测量新风量的文献较少。因而,本文以高校学生宿舍单侧自然通风为研究对象,探究利用人体作为CO2释放源测量宿舍换气次数方法的可行性与可靠性。其一,验证了宿舍内CO2分布的均匀性,结果表明可仅在宿舍中心点处布置单个测点,其测试结果可代表宿舍内CO2的整体变化情况。其二,通过实验对人体CO2释放量的计算公式进行修正,得到了中国年轻女性CO2释放量的修正因子为0.75。其三,以SF6作为示踪气体进行实验对比,验证了以人体作为CO2释放源测量宿舍换气次数方法的可靠性。而后,本文分析了此方法的适用性,并指出以中国年轻女性作为CO2释放源,房间换气次数为1.5次/h时,人均最大可测房间体积约为10 m3。

Measuring ventilation volume in students＇ dorms under natural ventilation conditions is of great significance for studying indoor air quality of students＇ dorms in universities and colleges. The tracer gas method with human body as CO2 release source has such advantages as safety, convenience and low cost, etc. as well as the possibility for large-scale popularization, but there are few literatures at present in China that presents measuring fresh air volume with human body as CO2 release source. In this paper,the single- side natural ventilation of students＇ dorms in universities and colleges as the research object was studied and the feasibility and reliability of this method to measure ventilation rates of students＇ dorms were explored. Firstly, the distributed uniformity of CO2 in dorms was verified,the resuhs indicated that individual measuring points only arranged in the center of the dorm would get the measuring results that represented overall changes of CO2 in the dorm. Secondly,the calculation formula for human body CO2 release volume was corrected through tests, acquiring that the correction factor of COs release volume for Chinese young female was 0. 75. Thirdly,when SF6 was used as the tracer gas for comparison tests, the reliability of this method was proved. Lastly, the applicability of this method was analyzed,it was pointed out that the maximum measurable room volume per person was about 10 m3 if Chinese young female were used as CO2 release source and the ventilation rate in the room was 1.5 times/h.