地表水空间分布与土壤类别多样性关联分析

Correlative Analysis between Surface Water Spatial Distribution Diversity and Pedodiversity

为探索水土资源在空间分布上的内在联系,选取河南省不同生态环境和社会发展条件下5个典型样区,将多样性理论与研究方法应用于地表水资源的空间分布离散性评价中。计算了各样区及样区分区域内1 km×1 km网格尺度下的地表水体空间分布多样性和土壤类别构成组分多样性,并探索了两者之间的内在联系。研究表明:多样性理论与研究方法适用于水土资源分布的评价研究并具有广阔应用前景;水体总面积和其空间分布离散性之间存在线性正相关关系,大尺度样区下相关系数值高达0.70,小尺度分区下减小为约0.45;水体空间分布离散性与土壤分类单元数目之间存在一定程度的负相关变化趋势,该趋势随研究区面积的增大和人类活动干扰的减弱而增强;水体分布对土壤类别的空间构成产生重要影响。

Five typical case areas at different ecologic and environmental conditions and social development degrees in Henan province were chosen respectively to conduct the correlative analysis between spatial distribution of water and soil resources. Diversity theory and methodology were used in analyzing the spatial distribution discreteness of surface water. The spatial distribution diversity index in 1 km × 1 km grid scale of surface water and the soil constituent diversity index were calculated. The intrinsic relationships between them were finally explored. Results showed that the diversity theory and methodology had maneuverability and broad application prospects in the discreteness evaluation of water and soil distribution. There was a positive relationship between regional total area and spatial distribution discreteness of surface water, the correlation coefficient was about 0.70 at the broader case area scale and 0.45 at subarea smaller scale. There was a negative correlation trend between surface water spatial distribution diversity and soil family numbers, and this trend was enhanced with the increase of regional area or decrease of human disturbance. Water distribution has an important impact on the spatial constituent of the related soil families.