“撤县建市”提升了地方绩效吗——基于广东省73个县(市)的实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of 73 Counties or Cities Shows Whether the Annulling Counties to Be Cities Enhances the Efficiency of Local Performance

地区的发展离不开一个有效的行政体制。目前,我国多个地区正探索"省直管县"、"强县扩权"的行政体制改革,以期通过制度上的深化改革与经济管理上的扩展权限,使得我国县域经济发展更具活力。类似地,我国曾在上世纪80年代和90年代掀起一波"撤县建市"的行政改革热潮。以广东省73个县(市)1985—1999年的数据为样本,使用倍差法和类倍差法检验此次改革的政策绩效表明,相比于没有发生"撤县建市"的县域,发生了"撤县建市"的县域虽能获得更高的经济增长和预算内财政支出,但却未获得更高的预算内财政收入,从而引发耕地快速减少等一系列问题,导致该项改革停止。

A region cannot develop without an effective administrative system.At present,many regions of our country are carrying out the administrative reform on the provincial-directed control of counties and expanding the pow er of counties in order to make the economy of our counties more active by deepening institutional reform and expanding economic management authority.Similarly,China once emerged a large wave of upgrading counties to be cities in 1980s and 1990s.In this thesis,we make use of the data of 73 counties or cities in Guangdong province from 1985 to 1999.With DID and Quasi-DID methods,we test the policy performance of upgrading counties to be cities and finds out that the counties which carried out the reconstruction project get a higher level of economic growth and budgetary expenditure compared to those without the project.However,they do not get higher financial revenue.There appear many problems such as rapid decrease of arable land.And this is one of the important canse why we stop this reform in China.