基底神经节损伤对知觉性启动效应影响的进一步研究

THE EFFECTS OF LESIONS TO THE BASAL GANGLIA ON PERCEPTUAL PRIMING: FURTHER STUDY

基底神经节的认知和记忆功能是近年认知神经科学研究的热点。该研究采用两项语义性启动效应（自由联想、偏好）和一项知觉性启动效应（字辨认）任务，发现基底神经节损伤、分别伴两侧海马或右侧丘脑损伤的两例患者的语义性启动效应正常，知觉性启动效应障碍。由于先前研究已经证实海马或丘脑结构与启动效应无关，因此该两例患者表现的知觉性启动效应障碍可归因于基底神经节损伤，进一步证实了王常生等人认为基底神经节可能具有或参与知觉性启动效应调节作用，与语义性启动效应无关的观点。

The cognitive and memory functions of the basal ganglia have been the focus of contemporary cognitive neuroscience researches. It is posited that the basal ganglia mediate perceptual priming by Wang CS et al. (ACPA, 1998, 30(4):423-430) based on their findings on one patient with right basal ganglia damage. The present study tested two neurological patients with lesions to the basal ganglia (one ascompanying bilatera hippocampus damage and the other right thalamus damage) and matched controls to further explore the effects of lesions to the basal ganglia on priming performance. It was found that the two patients impaired seriously on perceptual priming task as compared with controls whereas almost at the same level as the controls' on semantic priming tasks. The results suggested that the lesions to the basal ganglia lead to perceptual priming impairment because previous studies had demonstrated that priming was independent of hippocampus or thalamus. It is further confirmed Wang CS et al. 's suggestion that the basal ganglia mediate or participate perceptual priming have no effect on semantic primng.