“隐含作者”补解

A Further Interpretation of "Implied Author"

叙事学在进入到后经典的发展阶段后,其主要的特征是打破了经典叙事学将研究视野规制在文本的诸多局限,以隐含作者身份出现的作者以及读者均被纳入后经典叙事学的研究范围之内,这也就完成了叙事学由语言模式向交流模式的转变。在后一模式的理论探索中,隐含作者的研究成为关切作者、不可靠叙述等的关键理论问题。因此本文提出将隐含作者纳入到编码-解码的理解框架中去考量,并且注意到编码过程的历史、社会、文化复杂性的同时,还应将解码的复杂性考虑进来,也就是说,将隐含作者置于读者接受维度来加以解读的时候,要充分理解隐含作者解码之读者接受维度的历史、社会、文化因素。这些因素影响到对作品隐含作者的建构,甚至因此决定一部作品的命运。

Post-classical narratology, mainly characterized by its breakthrough of the text-centrism set by classical narratology, takes into consideration the authors identified as implied authors as well as readers, thus transforming narratology from language-orientation into communication-orientation. This article proposes that as a key theoretical issue in the study of the author and unreliable narration, the implied author should be examined in the code-decode framework. While how the process of code is influenced by historical, social and cultural factors should be investigated, the complexity of decode, i. e. , how the reception of readers may be affected by history, society and culture, also deserves much attention for its significant effect on the former and the fate of a text.