建国初期《人民日报》“大转变”中的制度构建与观念冲突

Institution Building and Opinion Conflict in the "Great Transformation" of the People's Daily at the Beginning of P.R.C.

本文以《人民日报》1950年间由范长江领导的党报"大转变"为研究对象,分析了建国初期中央党报开展制度构建以改进党报城市办报工作的原因和经过。以《人民日报》为代表的中共新闻业,在完成了从农村办报向城市办报的转移后,需要通过"大转变"来纠正进城办报以来出现的"脱离实际、脱离群众、关门办报"的孤立局面。但这场新中国成立以来的第一次新闻改革,最终因为"新闻本位"和"宣传本位"两种新闻观念的冲突所引发的农村党报新闻干部的集体反抗而不得不中断。

This paper focuses on the People＇s Daily＇s ＂great transformation＂ in 1950 led by Fan Changjiang and analyzes the reason and process of this central party newspaper＇s institution building to improve its reporting work in city. On behalf of the Chinese Communist journalism, the People＇s Daily transferred from the rural to urban, but fell into an isolated situation of divorced from reality and the masses. Fan Changjiang tried to correct these problems by a reform of news opinion which was interrupted by the collective resistance of the party newspaper cadres from rural.