翻车保护结构安全性能动态试验的数值仿真

Numerical simulation of safety performance dynamic test of ROPS

为完善有限元方法在翻车保护结构(ROPS)静/动态强度仿真试验中的应用,同时能在设计阶段充分考察ROPS的安全性能,使之顺利通过相关法规的检测,以某型号拖拉机ROPS为研究对象,根据OECD标准Code-3中关于对ROPS强度试验的要求,对模型进行合理的简化,首次提出利用有限元软件ABAQUS/Explicit对ROPS后撞试验过程进行仿真。结果显示ROPS的部分区域已经发生塑性变形,最大变形发生在撞击点处,但没有侵入安全容身区,符合标准的验收条件。各部分的应力分布与实际后翻事故中拖拉机受到冲击载荷作用的受力状况较为吻合,可以作为结构改进的依据。提出的仿真方法能有效地模拟撞击试验的动态过程,可为类似工程结构的动态仿真分析提供一定的参考。

In order to perfect the finite element method applied in static/dynamic simulation test of strength of the Roll-Over Pro-tective Structure （ROPS）, and could fully investigate the safety performance of ROPS in design phase, make smooth through the legislation detection. According to the OECD standards in Code-3 on requirements of ROPS strength test, the rational model sim- plification is made, first proposed using finite element software ABAQUS/Explicit to simulate the dynamic test procedure for the rear impact of ROPS. The results show that plastic deformation has occurred in some parts of ROPS,the maximum deformation oc- curred in impact point, but did not invade the clearance zone, standards-compliant acceptance conditions. The stress distribution of each part is more consistent with the situation in a tractor accident after turning by rear impact loading. It may be used as a basis for structural improvements. Indicate that the proposed method is effective for simulating the dynamic process impact test. And it could provide some reference for dynamic simulation analysis of similar engiueering structures.