荣成湾渔业资源群落结构季节变化特征

SEASONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FISHERY COMMUNITY STRUCTURES IN THE RONGCHENG BAY

根据2009年4个季度荣成湾海域的调查资料,探讨荣成湾渔业资源种类组成和群落结构季节变化特征。结果表明,2009年荣成湾渔业资源生物96种,其中鱼类43种,无脊椎动物53种。荣成湾的优势种存在明显的季节变化:赵氏狮子鱼、细纹狮子鱼是春季的优势种,六丝矛尾鰕虎鱼在夏季优势地位最高,短吻红舌鳎是秋季和冬季的第一优势种;荣成湾无脊椎动物海蜇生物量最高,虾类丰度最高。荣成湾渔业资源量存在季节波动,夏季最高,冬季最低,除秋季外,无脊椎动物对渔业资源贡献均超过鱼类资源。不同季节荣成湾鱼类资源多样性变化不大,秋冬季无脊椎动物资源多样性显著高于春夏季。荣成湾渔业群落种类和资源量呈显著季节变异,鱼类与无脊椎动物季节变化特征不完全一致。

Investigations were conducted during February, May, August and November 2009 in Rongcheng Bay. Species compositions, dominant species, spatial distributions and seasonal variations in community structures of the fishery resources were discussed in this paper. The results show that all of 96 species were caught with fish 43 species and invertebrates 53 species in 2009. There were obvious- ly seasonal variations in the dominant species in Rongcheng Bay, Liparis choanus and Liparis tanakae dominated in spring, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema was predominant species in the summer and Cynoglossus joyneri was the primary species of dominance degree in both autumn and winter. Biomass of jellyfish and abundance of shrimp were maxima in the invertebrates. Fishery resources in Rongcheng Bay presented seasonal variations, the highest in summer and the minimum in winter. In addition to fall, the invertebrate distribution was more than fish in fishery resources. Fish biodiversity remained stable while invertebrate biodiversity in autumn and winter exceeded in spring and summer. Fishery species and resources represented significant seasonal variations, and seasonal characteristics of fish and invertebrates were discordant in Rongcheng Bay.