磷酸的工业生产研究现状与展望

Current status and prospect of industrial phosphoric acid production

在我国以中、低品位磷矿居多,为了满足可持续发展的要求,需要加强利用中、低品位磷矿生产磷酸,同时能够有好的经济效益。分别阐述了湿法磷酸、热法磷酸、窑法磷酸等生产方法,概述了各个生产工艺的基本原理、主要设备及工艺流程等。着重对工艺要求较高的热法磷酸和窑法磷酸进行说明,包括热法磷酸的燃烧水合一步法和燃烧水合二步法、窑法磷酸的KPA工艺和CDK工艺,并且阐述了在窑法磷酸工艺方面一些较新的进展。通过对于几种工艺的集中说明,便于对以上几种工业磷酸生产方法进行比较分析,根据实际情况进行取舍,选取最佳的生产方案。

Most phosphorus ores are in medium and low grades in China. In order to meet the requirement of sustainable development, it is necessary to not only produce phosphoric acid by using these phosphorus ores, but also create a good economic benefit. The production processes, including wet-process phosphoric acid, thermal process phosphoric acid and kiln-method phosphoric acid technologies were described. The fundamental principles, major equipment, technological process of each process were overviewed. The thermal phosphoric acid and kiln- method phosphoric acid technologies whose processes are strict were emphasized, and some new progress of the kiln-phosphoric acid process were expounded. Focusing on these processes helps to comparatively analyze the aforesaid industrial phosphoric acid production processes, thus the best craft can be selected depending on the actual situation.