山楂叶中芳香族化合物的分离和鉴定

Isolation and identification of aromatic compounds from the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.

目的研究阐明山楂(Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.)叶的化学成分。方法运用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、制备HPLC等分离手段进行化学成分的分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果从山楂叶体积分数为80%乙醇提取物中分离得到13个芳香族化合物,分别鉴定为3-乙氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸(1)、3,4-二甲氧基苯丙醛(2)、对乙氧基苯甲酸(3)、对甲基苯甲酸(4)、对羟基苯甲酸(5)、3-甲氧基-4-甲基苯甲酸(6)、对甲氧基苯丙酸(7)、对甲氧基苯丙醛(8)、反式对乙氧基桂皮酸(9)、1-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)乙烷-1'S,2'-二醇(10)、3-甲氧基对羟基苯甲醛(11)、对羟基苯甲醛(12)、6-羟基苯甲酸苄酯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(13)。结论化合物1、2为新天然产物,3～13为首次从山楂属植物中分离得到。

Previous studies on the chemical constituents of Crataegus led to the isolation of a series of diverse compounds,including flavonoids, terpenoids and organic acids. So far, more than 150 compounds have been isolated from Crataegus. Thirteen compounds were isolated by means of various chromatographic methods such as silica gel, sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC from the 80% aqueous ethanol extract of leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida. Their structures were identified on the basis of physico-chemical constants and spectroscopic analysis as 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid （ 1 ）, 3,4-dime- thoxy-phenylpropyl aldehyde （ 2 ）, p-ethoxybenzoic acid （ 3 ）, p-methylbenzoic acid （ 4 ）, p-hydroxybenzoic acid（5） ,3-methoxy-4-methylbenzoic acid（6）,p-methoxy-phenylpropionic acid（7）,p-methoxy-phenylprop- yl-aldehyde （ 8 ）, trans-p-ethoxy-cinamic acid （ 9 ）, 1 - （ 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl ） -1 ＇S, 2＇-ethanediol （ 10 ）, 3 - methoxy-p-hydroxybenzaldehyde （ 11 ） ,p-hydroxybenzaldehyde （ 12 ） and 6-hydroxy-benzyl-benzoate-2-O-β- D-glucoside （ 13 ）, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 are new natural products and compounds 3 - 13 have been isolated from the genus Crataegus for the first time.