2006—2010年儿童肺炎支原体感染流行病学分析

Epidemiologic analysis of MP infection in children from 2006 to 2010.

目的观察儿童急性呼吸道肺炎支原体(MP)感染的流行病学特征,分析2006—2010年共5年期间的流行病学特点。方法收集2006年1月至2010年12月于中国医科大学附属盛京医院就诊的急性呼吸道感染患儿183841例,采用微量颗粒凝集法检测血清MP抗体,对不同年度、季节、性别及年龄的MP感染情况进行回顾性分析。结果 183841例急性呼吸道感染患儿中,MP感染总阳性率30.8%,其中男27.4%,女35.5%。女性多于男性,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同年份MP感染率(检出率)分别为:2006年22.4%,2007年16.8%,2008年25.8%,2009年29.9%,2010年39.2%。不同年龄组MP感染率分别为:<3岁组19.8%,3～6岁组38.3%,>6岁组48.1%,不同年龄组间MP感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),以学龄期儿童多见。不同季节MP感染率分别为:3～5月(春季)26.9%,6～8月(夏季)31.7%,9～11月(秋季)33.5%,12～次年2月(冬季)31.2%,以秋季高发,差异具有统计学意义。结论近5年MP感染流行特点为:女性较男性高发;学龄期儿童是高发人群;四季均可发病,以秋季高发;近5年来MP感染率逐年增高。

Objective To summarize the epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae （MP） infection in children with acute respiratory tract infection （ARI）, and to explore the changes of the epidemiological characteristics in the recent five years. Methods MP was detected using microparticle agglutination method in 183,841 children with ARI. We analyse distribution characteristics of MP by age, season and gender. Results Among the 183,841 samples, the positive rate was 30.8%. There was significant difference in the infection rate between boys and girls（P 〈 0.01 ） , girls （35.5%）higher than boys （27.4%）. MP infection rate from 2006 to 2010 was 22.4%, 16.8%, 25.8%, 29.9% and 39.2%, respectively. In 0-to-3-year-old-group, the positive rate for MP was 19.8% , while in 3-to-6-year-old-group and above 6-year-old-group, 38.3% and 48.1% were positive, respectively,Which showed a significant difference in the iut^ction rate between the 3 groups. There were epidemiological differences in infection incidences by MP in different seasons （spring 26.9% , summer 31.7%, autumn 33.5% and winter 31.2% ）. The MP infection incidences showed seasonal differences （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The incidence of MP infection in the recent 5 years increased year by year, with 2010 as the highest. MP infection can occur through the whole year, especially in autumn. School age children are still the vulnerable infected group with high incidence in girls than boys.