煤矿冲击地压应力控制理论与实践

Theory and Practices on Stress Control of Mine Pressure Bumping

基于冲击地压理论研究和现场实践,提出以应力控制为中心,以单位应力梯度为表征的冲击地压应力控制理论,并采用相似模拟和数值模拟分析了原岩应力、构造应力、采动应力对冲击地压发生诱发机制,从应力控制的角度对冲击地压防治进行现场实践。研究结果表明:断层的构造应力是导致冲击地压发生的主要原因;受邻近采区残余应力的影响,采动应力也会诱发掘进巷道发生冲击地压。超前深孔顶板预裂爆破和开切眼贯通动态应力控制技术应用于防冲实践中,验证了应力控制理论的有效性。

Based on the study and site practices on the mine pressure bumping theory, with the stress control as the center and the unit stress gradient as the mine pressure bumping stress control and prevention theory was put forward, the similar simulation and the numerical simulation were applied to analyze the in-situ rock stress, structure stress and mining stress to the induced mechanism of the mine pressure bumping occurred. From the view of the stress control, site practices were conducted on the mine pressure bumping prevention and control. The study results showed that the structure stress of the fault would be the major causes to make the mine pressure bumping occurred.Affected by the residual stress from the neighbor mining blocks, the mining stress of the coal also would cause mine pressure bumping in the mine roadway.In the mine pressure bumping prevention practices with the advance roof pre-fracturing blasting with deep borehole and the dynamic stress control when the open-off cut was cut-through, the effectiveness of the stress control theory was proved.