新型工业化视角下“双三角”都市圈的工业能源效率差异——基于超效率DEA方法的实证研究

Regional Disparity Analysis of Industrial Energy Efficiency in Double Triangle Deltas

选取长三角和珠三角都市圈24个城市2003年-2010年的面板数据,运用基于规模报酬不变、投入为导向的超效率DEA模型,在考虑"新型工业化"背景下,将环境污染作为非合意产出、知识存量作为技术投入要素纳入到全要素能源效率的测算中,对"双三角"各城市工业能源效率的动态演进和区域间差异进行比较分析。研究发现:"双三角"都市圈的工业能源效率均不高,而长三角地区的能源效率略高于珠三角地区,只有上海、无锡、舟山、江门等少数城市的能源效率处在生产前沿面上;各城市具有不同程度上的要素节约空间,而东莞市的节约空间最大;同等规模等级的城市的能源效率存在明显的差异。总体上,"双三角"地区节能减排的潜力仍存在很大的提升空间。

Improving energy efficiency and achieving a restructured transformation in economic growth has become an important way to maintain sustainable economic development in China. China’s two important economic growth poles, the Yangtze River and Pearl River Delta, have developed rapidly and consumption in the two economic areas accounts is considerable. Therefore, research on the energy efficiency of these deltas, the so called Double Triangle Deltas, is needed. We selected panel data for the Yangtze River and Pearl River Deltas from 2003 to 2010, measured total-factor energy efficiency of cities in these regions based on input-oriented supper-efficiency DEA modeling, and analyzed disparities among Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta metropolitan areas. Input factors in the model included energy consumption, capital stock, total industrial employees and knowledge stock. Total industrial output value and environmental pollution index were chosen as output indices, indicating good output and bad output, respectively. The results show that industry energy efficiency is generally low for the deltas, and there is great potential for energy-savings and emission-reduction. The efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta is higher than that of the Pearl River Delta. Furthermore, there are only several cities reaching efficiency, including Shanghai, Wuxi, Zhoushan and Jiangmen. Cities in these deltas should improve energy efficiency by optimizing input structures, introducing advanced production technology and using green energy resources.