经济效益与社会责任双视角下的南水北调供应链协调机制研究

Coordination Mechanisms for South-to-North Water Diversion: Economic Benefit and Social Responsibility

南水北调工程是解决我国北方地区水资源严重短缺的重大工程,论文结合南水北调东线工程实际,界定了南水北调供应链系统,面向调水系统长期运营管理,从纯经济效益视角和社会责任与经济效益双重视角,分别建立了相应的Stackelberg分散决策模型和集中决策模型,并建立了相应的收入分享契约协调机制,研究结果表明:①无论是纯经济效益视角还是社会责任与经济效益双重视角下,协调集中决策情形下供应商和分销商的利润都高于分散决策;②对比纯经济效益视角和社会责任与经济效益双重视角,社会责任与经济效益双重视角下供应商和分销商的利润都不低于纯经济效益视角;③社会责任与经济效益双重视角下,协调集中决策下的社会责任绩效水平高于分散决策情形;④供应商和分销商都有经济动因履行社会责任,参与契约协调,从而实现集中决策。

The South-to-North Water Diversion （SNWD） Project is a significant massive-scale interbasin system to solve water shortages in northern China. Here, we define the supply chain system for SNWD, and consider the economic benefits, and social responsibility versus economic benefits. We found that supplier’s profit and distributor’s profit under centralized decisions are greater than that under decentralized decisions. Supplier’s profit and distributor’s profit under dual perspective of social responsibility and economic benefit are all not less than that under single perspective of economic benefit. Considering social responsibility and economic benefits, the social responsibility performance level under centralized decision-making is higher than under decentralized decision-making. This study has management implications for the operation of SNWD projects. Jiangsu Shuiyuan Corporation （JSC） should enhance cooperation with Jiangsu water Distribution Corporation （JDC） and Shandong Ganxian Corporation （SGC）, including information communication and sharing, and revenue sharing coordination mechanism. The mechanism is as follows： JSC supplies water to JDC and SGC, and charges a lower wholesale price than the cost; JDC and SGC decides optimal retail price and social responsibility performance and shares a proportion of their revenue to JSC. The social responsibility performance under a revenue-sharing coordination mechanism is higher than under decentralized game decision- making. As a quasi-public welfare project, the operations of SNWD should consider economic benefits and social responsibility. The compensation mechanism of the social responsibility cost is as follows： the social responsibility cost is undertaken by JSC; end-users compensate a small part of the cost; and JDC and SGC compensate a large part of the cost. Government intervention and control is a key factor for the optimal operation of SNWD projects.