高三学生应对方式、人格以及抑郁的关系研究

Research on the Relationship among Coping Style,Personality,and Depression of Senior High School Students

运用艾森克人格问卷、应对方式问卷和青少年忧郁自我检测表对贵州省凯里市某中学高三208名学生进行问卷调查。结果表明(1)高三学生的应对方式以成熟型为主;(2)应对方式、人格和抑郁在不同性别、文理科、父母文化水平以及经济水平之间不存在显著差异(p>0.05);(3)高三学生的抑郁和神经质得分在城镇和农村之间存在显著差异(t=3.088,p<0.01;t=3.061,p<0.001);(4)高三学生的抑郁除了求助因子外,与应对方式的其它因子都显著相关(p<0.01);除了与人格的内外向因子外,与其它因子均显著相关(t=0.422,p<0.001;t=0.527,p<0.05);(5)应对方式的退避因子和人格的精神质和神经质因子对抑郁有显著的预测作用。结论:高三学生中常采取回避的应对方式,并且人格中情绪不稳定,以自我为中心的人更容易抑郁。

This present article aims to explore the relationship among coping style, p, and depression of senior high school students. One hundred and eight senior high school students （ Grade 12） from Kaili of Guizhou Province participated in the study. The results shows that 1 ） Mature coping style is the main style among senior students ;2） students＇coping methods do not vary much due to differences on gender, subjects and educational and economic condition of their parents（ P 〉0.05 ）; 3 ）there are sig- nificant differences on depression and neuroticism between students from city and from eountryside in coping style, personality and depression （ t = 3. 088 p 〈 0.01 ; t -- 3. 061 p 〈 0. 001 ） ; 4） Depression correlated with other factors of coping styles except for help - seeking（ P 〈 0.01 ） ; Depression correlated with factors except for introversion and extroversion （ t = 0. 422 p 〈 0.001 ; t = 0. 527 p 〈 0.05 ） ; and 5 ） Avoidant of coping style and psychoticism and neuroticism could predict depression. It is concluded that senior high school students＇coping style is avoidant; they have emotional unstability and egotists are more likely to be depressed.