超微多孔塑料成型技术研究

Supermicrocellular Plastics Molding Processes Technology

超微多孔塑料 (Supermicrocelularplastic)是一种新型的高分子材料 ,它与传统泡沫塑料相比 ,内部泡孔直径小 (0 1～ 10 μm) ,泡孔密度大 (每立方厘米材料可制泡孔达 10 9～ 10 15) ,泡孔分布均匀。超微多孔塑料的这些独特微观结构 ,使其具有优异的机械性能 ,它具有较高的抗冲击强度和韧性 ,很低的导电系数和导热系数。可以节省原材料达 80 %而不会降低材料的机械性能。由于这些独特的性能 ,超微多孔塑料有很广阔的应用场合 ,可以用在汽车、飞机和建筑等领域。超微多孔塑料是一种很有发展前途的新型材料。超微多孔塑料成型技术目前正吸引着各国研究人员对其进行广泛深入的研究。

Supermicrocclular plastics is a new kind of polymer material, which has cell sizes in the range of 1 to 10 microns, cell densities in range of 10 9～10 15 cells per cubic centimeter, the cells have fairly well distributed in the foamed plastics as compared with traditional foamed plastics. Having these special microcosmic construction, they exhibit excellent mechanical properties: higher impact strength and toughncess, up to a five fold incrense over unfoamed plastic and higher stiffness to weight ratio, up to three to five time larger than unfoamed material, decreased dielectric constant, and decreased thermal conductivity (compared to the unfoamed material). These improved properties lead to lower material usage per unit part, often resulting in substantial cost savings and redueing cost up to 80 pereent, inereased strength to weight ratio of the plasties make them espeeially well suited for the aerospace, automobile and architecture industry. Supermicrocelular plastics is produced by a special processing with combining polymer plastic and supercritical fluid in three steps. Supermicrocellular plasties molding processes technology and our a few research works on it are introduced in this paper.