老年糖尿病患者医院感染的危险因素分析及对策

Risk factors of nosocomial infections in elderly patients with diabetes and countermeasures

目的探讨老年糖尿病患者医院感染的相关因素并制定措施,从而控制感染发生。方法回顾性分析4年内老年糖尿病患者医院感染共450例的临床资料,记录患者年龄、性别、文化程度、居住地、经济状况、病程、住院天数、空腹血糖值、糖尿病并发症、接受侵入性操作、住院期间抗菌药物使用等,统计不同因素诱发感染的关系,并通过logistic回归分析统计直接因素。结果共56例患者出现感染,发生率为12.4%;logistic回归分析显示,患者年龄(OR=2.847)、居住地(OR=2.018)、病程(OR=1.085)、住院时间(OR=2.176)、空腹血糖值(OR=2.165)、并发症(OR=1.984)、接受侵入性操作(OR=2.014)以及多种抗菌药物的联合应用(OR=1.779)等均为医院感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论医院感染的独立危险因素较多,临床应采取对应防护措施。

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors of nosocomial infections in the elderly patients with diabetes and put forward countermeasures so as to control the infections. METHODS The clinical data of 450 cases of elderly diabetes patients with nosocomial infections were retrospectively analyzed during four years, then the age, gender, educational level, residence, economic status, course of disease, hospitalization duration, fasting blood glucose value, diabetes complications, invasive operation, and the use of antibacterial agents of the patients were recorded, the predisposing factors of the infections were statistically analyzed, and the logistic regression analysis of the direct factors was performed. RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 56 cases of patients with the incidence rate of 12.4%. The logistic regression analysis showed that the age （OR= 2. 847）, residence （OR= 2. 018）, course of disease （OR= 1. 085）, length of hospital stay （OR = 2. 176）, fasting plasma glucose value （OR=2. 165）, complications （OR=I. 984）, invasive operation （OR=2. 014）, and combination use of antibiotics （OR= 1. 779） were the independent risk factors of nosocomial infections （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION There are many independent risk factors of nosocomial infections, it is necessary for the hospital to take corresponding prevention measures.