精神病专科医院老年病房医院感染的危险因素与干预措施

Risk factors of nosocomial infections in gerontology department of psychiatric hospital and the intervention measures

目的分析精神病专科医院老年病房医院感染的危险因素,为精神病专科医院老年患者医院感染的管理及预防提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析老年病房2010年6月-2012年6月老年精神障碍住院患者526例临床资料,统计分析患者医院感染的危险因素。结果 526例老年精神障碍患者中共有32例发生医院感染,感染率为6.1%;精神病专科医院老年患者医院感染的部位以呼吸道和胃肠道为主,分别占62.5%和15.6%,其次为泌尿道占12.5%;单因素χ2检验显示,年龄>75岁、住院时间>30d的老年患者具有较高的医院感染率(P<0.05)。结论老年精神障碍患者医院感染的主要部位是呼吸道和消化道,年龄、住院时间是其医院感染的高危因素,积极采取相应的预防措施有利于降低医院感染的发生率。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial infections in gerontology department of psychi- atric hospital so as to provide theoretical basis for the control of nosoeomial infections in the senile patients. METHODS A total of 526 cases of elderly patients, who hospitalized in the psychiatric hospital from Jun 2010 to Jun 2012, were retrospectively investigated, then the risk factors of nosocomial infections were statistically ana- lyzed. RESULTS Of totally 526 cases of elderly patients, the nosocomial infections occurred in 32 cases with the infection rate of 6.1%. The respiratory tract and the digestive tract were the predominant infection sites, account- ing for 62.5% and 15.6%, respectively, followed by the urinary tract （12.5%）. The x2 analysis showed that the incidence of nosocomial infections was high in the patients with more than 75 years of age or the hospitalization duration more than 30 days. CONCLUSION The respiratory tract and the digestive tract are the main infection sites of the elderly patients in gerontology department of psychiatric hospital, the age and the hospitalization duration are the high risk factors of nosocomial infections. Taking corresponding prevention measures can contribute to the decrease of incidence of nosocomial infections.