手术人员锐器损伤调查与对策

Investigation of sharp instrument injuries in surgical personnel and the protection countermeasures

目的了解手术医护人员锐器损伤现状,并探讨相关防护措施。方法采用问卷调查对4所综合性医院手术人员锐器损伤进行调查。结果共调查197人,其中医师115人、护士38人、护生44人;1年内医师、护士、护生锐器损伤发生率,分别为46.06%、78.95%、90.91%,护士、护生发生锐器损伤发生率明显高于医师(χ2=32.73,P<0.001);工龄<1年的锐器损伤发生率为91.94%、1～5年为73.58%、>5年为32.93%,工龄短者锐器损伤发生率明显高于工龄长者(χ2=56.26,P<0.001);中专学历锐器伤发生率为70.00%、大专为79.41%、本科为52.10%,大、中专学历锐器损伤高于本科学历医护人员(χ2=14.66,P<0.005);初级职称锐器操作发生率86.96%、中级为34.69%、高级为18.18%,职称低者锐器损伤发生率明显高于职称高的医护人员(χ2=102.20,P<0.001)。结论手术医护人员是锐器损伤的高危人群,也是需要加强防范的重要人群,加强职业教育,规范操作可以预防和降低锐器损伤的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of the sharp instrument injury of the surgical personnel so as to put forward the related protection countermeasures. METHODS The sharp instrument injuries of the surgical personnel among 4 general hospitals were surveyed by using questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 197 persons were selected, including 115 doctors, 38 nurses and 44 nursing students. In the past 12 months, the incidence of the sharp instrument injury of the nurses （78.95 %）and nursing students （ 90.91 %） were higher than that of the doctors （46.06 % ） （X2 =32.73, P〈 0. 001）. The incidence of the sharp instrument injury of personnel whose working age was less than 1 year （ 91.94% ） and 1-5years （73.58%） were higher than that of those with more than 5 years （ 32. 93%） （Z2 % 56. 26,P〈 0. 001）. The incidence of the sharp instrument injury of the personnel with secondary education （70.00%） and college degree （79.41%） were higher than that of the ones with bachelor degree（52. 10%） （x2 = 14. 66, P〈 0. 005）. The incidence of the sharp instrument injury of personnel with junior titles （86.96 %） and intermediate titles （34.69 %） were higher than that of the personnel with senior titles（18.18 %）（X2 = 102.20, P% 0. 001）. CONCLUSION The surgical personnel are the population at high risk of the sharp instrument injury and are also the population that need to be paid attention to. Enhancing the professional education and regulating the operation procedures can prevent and reduce the incidence of the sharp instrument injury.