风险管理程序对临床护士针刺伤干预的效果

Effect of risk management process on needle stick injuries among clinical nurses

目的探讨应用风险管理程序对预防临床护士针刺伤发生、提高针刺伤防护意识和防护行为的效果。方法选取医院内科护士130名、外科护士130名、手术室护士20名、检验科和体检科抽血护士20名作为研究对象,采用回顾性问卷调查法分析针刺伤发生原因、相关防护知识知晓率和防护行为的正确率等,风险管理程序对临床护士进行针刺伤风险干预后的影响。结果通过对临床护士进行风险管理程序干预后,针刺伤发生率明显降低,由原来的年人均3.31次下降至0.73次,下降率为72.22%;防护知识知晓率从51.33%升高至93.60%;针刺伤后正确处理率从45.52%显著升高至92.09%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过对临床护士进行风险管理程序干预,可有效减少针刺伤发生率,明显提高针刺伤防护意识和针刺伤发生后的正确处理率。

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of carrying out the risk management process for preventing the needle stick injuries among the clinical nurses so as to improve the awareness of prevention of needle stick injuries. METHODS A total of 130 nurses from the internal medicine department, 130 nurses from the surgical department, 20 nurses from the operating rooms, and 20 nurses from the clinical laboratory and drawing blood department were enrolled in the study, then the retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the causes of the needle stick injuries, the awareness rate of related protection knowledge, and the rate of correct protection behav- iors% the risk management process was employed to evaluate the effect after the needle stick injuries. RESULTS After the risk management process intervention was carried out, the incidence of the needle stick injuries was significantly decreased, dropping from 3.31 times per year to 0.73 times per year, decreased by 72.22%; the awareness rate of the protection knowledge increased from 51.33% to 93.60% ; the rate of correct treatment after the needle stick injury increased significantly from 45. 52% to 92.09%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION The risk management process intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of the needle stick injuries and significantly improve the awareness of protection of needle stick injuries as well as the rate of correct treatment.