契约性视野中的大学教育教学质量优化研究

On Optimization of Higher Education and Teaching Quality in Perspective of Contract Theory

在规模扩张之后,大学当前最重要的使命是提升高等教育教学质量。质量的提升无论对于哪类参与主体都意味着"利益",人们也正是为了各自的利益而走进大学,这样大学本质上就是利益相关者组成的"契约网"。大学与政府之间的关系、大学与教师之间的关系、大学与学生之间的关系是这一契约网中最为核心的三对关系。教育教学作为一种契约行为和交易活动主要表现为交易是以知识为核心的,交易过程具有自主性与间接性的特点,交易方式具有联合性与非排他性的特点,交易责任主体具有多元化的特点。从契约的视角看,优化教育教学质量的办法主要有防范大学法人的双界性,提高学生的维权意识,加强问责机制,提高教师待遇和实施平衡激励等。

After the increase enrollment, the university＇s most important mission is to enhance the teaching quality of higher education.No matter what kind of participating subjects,enhancing quality means the ＂interests＂ , and namely entering the university is also for their own interests.So the university is essentially a ＂contract net＂made up of stakeholders.The relationships between the university and the government,the university and the teachers, the university and the students are the most central in the ＂contract net＂. Here are features of education and teaching as a contractual behavior and trading activity.First,the knowledge is the core in the process of transaction.Secondly,trading process has the characteristics of autonomy and indirection,and the ways to transact are united and non-exclusive.Third,the body of trading responsibility is diversified. From the perspective of the contract, the ways to optimize the quality of education and teaching are to take precautions against the amphibious corporate of the university, increase the students＇right safeguarding awareness, strengthen the accountability mechanisms, improve the treatment of the teachers and implement the balanced incentive.