不同成熟度对上部烟叶中性香气物质的影响

Effects of different maturity on neutral aroma constituents in upper tobacco leaves

【目的】研究云南省保山市烟区不同成熟度上部烟叶的中性香气物质含量,为探索不同成熟度上部烟叶的合理采收时间提供参考。【方法】以云烟85上部烟叶为材料,利用气质联用仪对3个不同成熟度的上部烟叶中性香气物进行分析。【结果】除棕色反应产物含量在尚熟烟叶中略高于成熟烟叶外,类胡萝卜素降解物、西柏烷类降解物和苯丙氨酸类降解物等香气物含量均随烟叶成熟度的提高而增加;香气物总量在成熟烟叶中最高,尚熟烟叶次之,欠熟烟叶最低。按致香物质的基团划分,除醛类物质在3个成熟度的烟叶中含量相当外,酮类和醇类物质含量均表现为随成熟度提高而增加的变化规律。【结论】成熟度对上部烟叶中性香气物的组成和含量影响较大;上部烟叶成熟度的增加对中性香气物质的积累有促进作用;中性香气物质中,以酮类物质含量最高,其对烟叶吃香味品质的贡献较大。

[Objective]Neutral aroma components in upper tobacco leaves with different maturity in Baoshan City, Yun- nan province were studied to provide references for exploring the proper harvest time for upper tobacco leaves with different ma- turity. [Method]Neutral aroma components in upper tobacco leaves with three different maturity of Yunyan 85 were analyzed by GC-MS. [Result]The contents of brown reaction products were higher in ripe leaves than in full ripe leaves. The contents of degradation products of carotenoid, alkaues and phenylalanine increased with the improved tobacco leaf maturity. The neutral aroma substances were the most in full ripe leaves, less in the ripe leaves and the least in immaturity leaves. According to the division of aroma substances groups, the contents of aldehyde substances were almost the same in three degrees of maturity, but the contents of ketones and alcohols rose with the improved tobacco leaf maturity. [Conclusion]Maturity played a significant role in the content and composition of neutral aroma substances in upper tobacco leaves. The increase of maturity of upper to- bacco leaves improved the accumulation of neutral aroma substances. Among the neutral aroma substances, the contents of ke- tones were the highest, which contributed most to tobacco aroma.