事故车辆三维翻滚运动的轨迹模型

Model for Determination of Vehicle Trajectories in Three-Dimensional Roll-Over Crashes

为了再现汽车三维碰撞事故,构建了车辆三维坐标系,根据碰撞冲力矩与反向重力矩的关系,推导了车辆纵向倾覆与横向翻滚的临界条件.利用运动学理论及动能转化关系,构建了地面反力作用下的车辆翻滚轨迹模型.以实际事故为案例,利用基于上述模型开发的事故再现分析系统与PC-Crash软件进行再现分析,并与事故现场车辆残留痕迹进行了对比.结果表明,模型再现得到的车辆静止位置及姿态与事故现场一致,再现轨迹除小客车左前轮曲率略小于实际残留痕迹外,其余轨迹与现场痕迹一致.

In order to reconstruct three-dimensional vehicle collision accidents, the critical conditions of vehicle pitching and roiling were derived in the vehicle＇s three-dimensional coordinate system by analyzing the relationship between collision impulse moment and inverse gravity moment. The movement trajectory model of vehicle roiling with ground reaction force was constructed according to the kinematics theory and the relationship of kinetic energy conversion. For a real accident case, a comparative study between the reconstruction analysis results and the vehicle traces remained in the accident scene was conducted using the accident reconstruction system based on the above model and PC-Crash. The results show that the vehicle stationary position and attitude reconstructed by the model are consistent with the actual state in the accident scene; the reconstructed trajectories are consistent with those remained in the accident scene, except a smaller curvature of the passenger car~ left front wheel.