乾隆年间西北地区三次绘图始末

The Whole Story of Drawing in the Northwestern from Qianlong Period

据中国第一历史档案馆藏军机处满文录副奏折记载,乾隆二十年至三十九年清朝统治者前后三次从京城派遣官员赴西北地区,行程数万里,对东起巴里坤、西迄巴勒喀什湖、南至帕米尔高原、北越阿勒泰山脉的区域进行地理测绘。这三次测绘的成果渐次丰富,准确度不断提高,不仅弥补了康熙年间所绘《皇舆全览图》哈密迤西地名稀疏的缺陷,还为编修《西域图志》、绘成乾隆《十三排图》提供了重要的原始数据。

Through the Manchu memorial kept in First Historic Archives of China, we found that emperors of Qing government has sent officers three times to Northwestern area to geographical map areas of Barkol in the east, Balak Kashi Lake in the west, Pamirs in the south, and the Aletai Mountains. Achievements of these mapping activities are growing rich and enhanced, not only supply a gap of placename of the west from Hami in Kangxi period＇s ＂Hang Yu Quan Lan Tu＂, but also generate original data for ＂Western Atlas＂ and ＂Thirteen Row Picture＂ in Qianlong period.