2000～2011年广西浦北县狂犬病流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Pubei County from 2000 to 2011

目的:分析广西南部地区的浦北县本世纪以来狂犬病流行特征,为该县的疾病控制提供科学依据。方法:收集、统计和分析该县2000～2011年狂犬病疫情资料。结果:该县农村家庭饲养家犬数量较多,本世纪以来报告狂犬病病例共85例,人群年均发病率为0.85/10万,死亡率为100%,男女比为2.04:1。下半年报告病例高于上半年占62.35%,病例以农民为主占63.53%,其次为学生和散居儿童分别占18.82%和15.29%。病例分布于各年龄组,但被伤害最多的为9岁以下儿童占总病例数的22.35%,全县16个乡镇有14个乡镇报告病例,病例报告较多的3个乡镇分别为小江镇、龙门镇和北通镇,占总病例数的43.53%。报告的85例狂犬病死亡病例有70例未及时进行狂犬病疫苗接种,15例未完成疫苗全程接种所致。结论:加强该县对被犬及其它动物咬伤患者伤口的及时处理和狂犬疫苗及时接种,进一步强化家犬的管理,提高家犬免疫接种率。

Objective ：To analyze epidemic characteristics of rabies in Pubei county of the southern region of Guangxi in this century and to provide a scientific basis for the county＇s disease control. Methods：The county＇s rabies epidemic data from 2000 to 2011 was collected for statistics and analysis. Results： There were a larger quantity of rural households in the county feeding dogs, and a to- tal of 85 cases of rabies were reported in this century with a crowd average annual incidence rate of 0.85/100 thousand, a mortality rate of 100% and a ratio of male to female of 2.04 ： 1. The rabies cases reported in the second half of the year accounted for 62.35%, which was higher than that of the first half of the year; and the farmers were the main cases with a ratio of 63.53%, followed by thestudents and children with ratios of 18.82% and 15.29%, respectively. The cases distributed in all ages but the 0 - 9 - year - old children were the most and occupied 22.35%. 14 towns in 16 towns of the county had reported the rabies cases, and the more cases were in Xiaojiang, Longmen and Beitong towns with a ratio of 43.53%. 70 cases were not timely vaccinated the rabies vaccine and 15 cases were not completely vaccinated in the reported 85 death cases. Conclusions： The timely treatment of the wounds of the patients bited by the dogs and other animals and the vaccination of the rabies vaccine in the county should be enhanced, and the management of the domestic dogs should be further strengthened in order to improve the immunization coverage rate.