产后抑郁症发病特点及社区干预策略

The characteristics of postpartum depression and the community intervention strategies

目的了解本地区产后抑郁症在不同年龄段，独生子女与非独生子女的发病特点和相关因素，为社区干预策略提供干预依据。方法用自行设计的产后抑郁症知晓率问卷，一般情况调查表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表对800名产妇进行调查。知晓率问卷用百分比表示，一般情况调查表各因素用P值。结果产后抑郁症发生率为18．63％。80后独生子女发病率高，产后7～14天为疾病高发期，产妇对产后抑郁症的知晓率低，多因素共同影响产后抑郁症发生。结论提高产后抑郁症知晓率和社区医疗干预很有必要。社区干预的重点在健康教育，心理干预。

Objective To understand the characteristics of postpartum depression at different ages and in the only-child and non-only-child women and the related factors, and to provide support for intervention in communities. Methods 800 puerperas were surveyed by the self-designed postpartum depression awareness questionnaire, general information questionnaire and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The awareness questionnaire was expressed by percentage, and the factors in the general questionnaire were expressed by P value. Results The incidence rate of postpartum depression was 18.63%. The one-child women after 80s had a higher incidence. Postpartum depression highly occurred 7 to 14 days ＇after labor. The puerperas has a lower rate of awareness on postpartum depression. Multiple factors affected the incidence of postpartum depression. Conclusions It is necessary to raise the awareness on postpartum depression and to perform medical intervention in communities. Health education and psychological intervention is key in community-based intervention.