慢性心衰患者吸烟及戒烟依从性影响因素的临床研究

Clinical study on effect factors of smoking and smoking cessation adherence for patients with chronic heart failure

目的临床研究慢性心衰患者吸烟及戒烟依从性的影响因素。方法选取我院有吸烟史的慢性心衰患者200例，本研究采用问卷方式进行调查，研究所用量表综合了Fager-strom尼古丁依赖性评分表及2006年中国国际戒烟竞赛随访调查表的内容，并结合慢性心衰患者情况进行调整。结果对慢性心衰患者吸烟及戒烟依从性影响因素进行分析研究，可明显提高戒烟率，文化程度高，依从性相对较好，已戒烟者占80％；文化程度低，依从性相对较差，戒烟者只有20％，家庭成员支持戒烟的比例，戒烟者为85％，高于家庭成员不支持戒烟的比例55％。讨论戒烟是慢性心衰患者最有力的干预方法之一，帮助患者戒烟成为慢性心衰诊治工作不可缺少的部分。烟草依赖是一种慢性成瘾性疾病，具有高复发的特点，自行戒烟率低，必须将烟草依赖作为一种慢性病对待，予以评估并反复干预。

Objective To carry out a clinical research on affecting factors of smoking and smoking cessation adherence for patients with chronic heart failure. Methods In this study we selected 200 cases of patients with chronic heart failure who had a history of smoking in our hospital and used questionnaire method to make an investigation. The scale used in the study combined the content of the rating scale of Fager-strom nicotine dependence and the follow-up questionnaire of Chinese international smoking cessation competition in 2006. Additionally, we made a adjustment based on the patients with chronic heart failure. Results Through the analytical investigation of factors that affect smoking and smoking cessation adherence for patients with chronic heart failure, we can remarkably increase quit smoking rate. People with high education level tended to have good compliance relatively. 80% of them had stopped smoking. People with low education level tended to have poor compliance relatively. Only 20% of them had stopped smoking. The proportion of family members supporting the smoke cessation was about 85%, which was significantly much higher than the proportion （55%） of those without supporting. Conclusion Quitting smoking is one of the most powerful intervention methods for patients with chronic heart failure. Helping patients to quit smoking becomes an indispensable part of the work of diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Tobacco dependence is a chronic addiction disease; it has the characteristics of the high recurrence and the low rate to quit smoking by oneself. Tobacco dependence should be treated as a chronic disease, which needs evaluation and repeated interventions.