蘑菇渣基质生产狗牙根无土草皮配方施肥优化研究

Optimizing fertilisation for bermudagrass soilless sod using spent mushroom compost as the main substrate over plastic

以塑料薄膜为阻隔材料,以蘑菇渣为主要基质,煤渣、污泥和沙子为配材,采用三元二次旋转组合试验设计,对不同氮磷钾施量配方的狗牙根无土草皮成坪时间、成卷时间、根系活力、地上生物量、地下生物量、草皮重、叶绿素含量和密度等性状进行了综合品质评定,建立了草皮综合品质与氮磷钾三因子之间显著相关的回归模型。结果表明,除草皮重外,其他坪用性状差异显著。氮磷钾三因子对综合品质都有影响,其中磷肥影响最大,且三因子互作显著。通过模拟寻优得到氮磷钾优化配方方案为N:10.646 8～10.804 0 g/m2;P2O5:27.157 8～27.215 2 g/m2;K2 O:13.813 9～14.010 0 g/m2。

A ternary quadratic rotational combinational design was used to determine the effects of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P） and potassium （K） fertiliser on bermudagrass soilless sod over plastic. The spent mushroom compost was used as the main substrate and coal cinder, sludge and sand as the assistant mixtures. Sod per- formance, such as establishment time, sod formation time, root activity, sod weight, aboveground and under- ground biomass, chlorophyll content and density, and integrated turf quality of different fertiliser mixture, were analysed. Sod weight was stable but there were significant differences in the other parameters. All three factors influenced integrated turf quality, but P was the most important. The interactions among the three factors were significant. The regression model between integrated turf quality and three ingredients was estab- lished with the method of fuzzy subordinate function analysis, and the optimal mixture of fertilisers was obtained using simulations, one of which was： 3. 403 5-3. 746 8 g/m^2 N, 8. 673 7-9. 450 7 g/m^2 P2O5 and 4. 576 9-4. 697 7 g/m^2 K2O.