豆-禾混播草地种间关系研究进展

Relationships between grasses and legumes in mixed grassland:a review

禾本科与豆科牧草的混播,是人工草地建植的最主要方式之一,而了解其之间的种间互作机理,对于维持混播草地的持续稳定生产具有重要意义。本研究从光照、养分、水分和空间等资源方面展开探讨了禾草和豆科牧草在混播时所采取的不同生存策略,阐述了豆—禾混播草地草种之间的竞争与促进关系,分析了豆科牧草固氮和转氮能力的影响因素及深根系豆科牧草与浅根系禾草的共存机制,提出了可以通过混播建植技术、草地管理措施及草地利用方式避免或减弱混播草地豆禾牧草之间的竞争,以此提高混播草地的生产力并维持混播草地持久力和稳定性。

The survival strategies of grasses an stances, such as light, nutrient, moisture and d legumes in mixed stands under different environmental circum- living space are discussed. First, the competitive and stimulative relationships between the legume and grass species which constituted the mixed stands are described. Then, the factors affecting the ability of nitrogen fixation and transportation in legumes were analysed together with the community coexistance mechanisms of deep legume roots and shallow grass roots. Finally, it is proposed that the competition between species in mixed stands can be weakened or avoided to improve their productivity and to maintain the endurance and stability of the mixed stand through mixing technology, grassland management, and patterns of exploitation.