利用杀线植物资源防治植物寄生线虫的研究进展

Using nematicidal plant resources to control plant parasitic nematodes

杀线植物指具有毒杀线虫的植物化合物。本研究综述了具有杀线虫作用的植物资源种类,包括大多数菊目和豆目植物,及从不同类群的植物和同种植物不同部位中分离到具有杀线虫的活性物质及活性代谢物。阐述了杀线植物及活性物质对植物寄生线虫的作用方式和作用机理,分析了影响植物杀线活性的因子,采用体内和体外2种测定方法测试提取物的活性,讨论了利用杀线植物资源防治植物寄生线虫存在的问题。为了寻找新一代杀线植物和活性物质,今后需要继续扩大对杀线植物资源种类调查和挖掘,明确杀线植物对植物寄生线虫的作用机理,加强对植物杀线虫活性成分的研究与应用以及从分子水平上加强对植物抗线虫品种资源的研究。

NematicidaI plants means phytochemical compound that had kill nematode. Nematicidal plant resources in this paper were reviewed including most of Asterales and Fabales. Active substances and its metabolites were separated from different plants and the different parts of the same plant. The mode action and the mechanism action of nematicidal plants and its active substances to plant parasitic nematodes were illustrated. The factors that effected on nematicidal activity were analysed. The active substances of extraction were tested by in vivo and in vitro method. And the problems that make use of nematicidal plants to control plant parasitic nematodes were also discussed. In order to seek for a new generation nematicidal plants and its active substances in the next years,we must continue to expand the investigation and exploration of nematicidal plant resources, explicit the mechanism action of nematicidal plants to plant parasitic nematodes, research the active ingredient of nematicidal plants and its application,and strengthen cuhivar resources to resistant nematode from molecular level.