哈尼族的形成:分化与融合

Formation of the Hani Nationality: Differentiation and Integration

民族的分化与融合总是伴随着民族的形成与发展过程。哈尼族的形成就是民族分化与融合的结果。哈尼族先民在漫长的发展过程中,从氐羌系统民族中逐渐分化为"氐"、"昆明"、"叟"、"和蛮"、"和泥",并在内部分化成"和泥"、"哈尼"、"豪尼"、"雅尼"等不同群体;同时,也有其他民族群体不断融合到哈尼族先民的群体中,最终分化与融合而成如今的"哈尼族"。如今的"哈尼族"依然发生着分化与融合,不仅分化成不同的支系,在支系内部进一步分化成更小的支系、胞族、家族等,同时也有其他民族融合到"哈尼族"中。

The differentiation and integration of a nation is always accompanied the whole process of the formation and development of the nation. The formation of Hani nationality is resulted from such circumstances. The Hani nationality ancestors in the long process of development were gradually formed from the ancient Qiang people, then divided into ＂Di＂, ＂Wuman＂, ＂ Heman＂, and ＂Heni＂. Progressively, in its internal, Hani nationality differentiated into different subgroups, such as ＂Heni＂, ＂Hani＂, ＂Haoni＂, ＂Yani＂; meanwhile, other nationalities continuously integrated into the ancestors of Hani nationality, and ultimately it differentiated and integrated the today＇s Hani nationality. Now, hani nationality ts still being differentiating and integrating, and it not only differentiates into various subgroups but also within the subgroups forms smaller lineages, phratries, family. Instead, some certain lineages or branches will integrate into bigger one because of integrating from other nationalities.