流域环境与经济双向优化机制探讨

Discussion on Watershed Environment and Economic Mutual Optimization Mechanism

自改革开放以来我国经济总量持续高速增长,加之人口增长压力不减,资源短缺、生态退化、环境质量下降等不利影响也随之而来,尤其是流域水环境污染问题,已成为当今社会普遍关注的焦点问题。流域是由人口、资源、环境和经济等子系统组成的复杂系统,由于人口和经济子系统的剧烈变动,对整个流域系统造成了巨大压力,从而引起水环境污染等一系列严重问题。从流域系统分析入手,对流域内的人口迁移和聚集(城镇化)影响进行剖析;分析表明流域环境保护与地区经济发展间的矛盾和冲突是导致流域水环境污染的主要诱因;从资源与环境的市场化配置角度,提出流域水环境容量资源约束与流转机制,对如何建立流域环境与经济双向优化机制进行了探讨。

Since the reform and opening up, China＇s economy has maintained rapid growth, coupled with tile pressure of population growth increasing, resource shortage, ecological degradation, and environmental quality decline. Especially for water environmental pollution problems in watershed, has become the focus of society. Watershed is a complex system composed of population, resources, environment and economic subsystem, dramatic changes in population and economic subsystem has caused great pressure on the whole basin system, which led to a series of serious problems of water environment pollution etc. This paper starts from the analysis of watershed system, population migration and accumulation （urbanization） impact analysis was conducted. The analysis showed that watershed contradiction and conflict between environmental protection and regional economic development was the main cause leading to watershed water environmental pollution. From the market allocation of resources and environment point of view, the watershed water environmental capacity resources constraints and transfer mechanism were proposed. And how to establish watershed environment and economic mutual optimization mechanism was discussed.