基于需要和需求理论的我国医院床位配置合理性探讨

Exploration on the Rationality of Hospital Bed Allocation in China on the Basis of the Demand and Need

目的:定量论证我国卫生部门所属医疗机构床位资源的需要需求量,明确近年来我国床位总量扩张的合理性。方法:系统查阅《全国卫生事业财务年报资料》及相关资料,获取床位总量配置及利用情况相关数据,进行床位资源总量需要需求的定量统计描述。结果:依据床位需要及需求测算的主要影响因素,在考虑需求释放的基础上,综合考虑床位利用率的提高和平均住院天数的缩短,测算出需要、需求量后论证我国床位资源总量的合理性。结论:我国床位资源实际开放总量扩增过快;在床位的合理利用率下,我国实际开放床位总量将会过剩,床位资源总量的继续扩张具有不合理性;"床位紧张"主要源于整体的床位使用效率低下等因素。

Objective ： To clear out the rationality of hospital beds expansion in recent years in China by demonstrating the needs and demand quantitatively. Methods： The article systemically consulted National Annual Health Financial Report to make quantitative demonstration about the total hospital beds need and demand. Results： We estimated the numbers of bed by using the need and demand formulas strictly, the main influ- ence factors, such as beds utilization and average hospital days, had been taken into consideration. And the results fouad that the total beds in Chi- na were superfluous compared to the actual conditions. Conclusion： Firstly,it suggests the amplification rate of total beds is too quick ; Secondly, the bed expansion is irrational, to tal a ctual beds put iato use could be superfluous loith the assumption of ratioal use of beds ; Finally, the so - called ＂bed - tight＂ mostly derives from the irrationality resource, allocation structure and the inefficient beds use.