船首波的测量技术及应用

Measurement of Bow Waves and Application

为了测量船首波,制作了由7台浪高仪组成的专门装置,同时设计了4条数学船模用于测定首波高.试验过程中,除前进运动外,船模的其他运动均被约束.测量结果表明,船首波与傅汝德数Fr及船首形状关系极大.根据试验结果知,如果采用深V型船体,可望获得较小的波高.此外,排水量是影响兴波的重要参数.Fr是又一个重要的因素,它不但影响波浪高度而且亦影响波浪的位置.随着Fr增大,波高随之增大,而且波浪与船模纵轴之间的夹角减小,波峰位置在横向远离船模.

For the measurement of bow waves, a specific arrangement which is composed of seven sets wave probes was made. The four mathematical ship models used to measure bow wave height were designed. The motions of ship model were restricted in the tests, except for the forward motion. As is indicated from the measuring data, the bow waves depend strongly on the Froude number and configuration of the bow. Based on the test results, if deep Vee hull forms are adopted, the smaller wave height may be expected. In addition, the displacement is an important parameter affecting the making waves. Froude number is another important factor. It affects not only the height of bow wave but also the location of waves. With the increase of Froude number the height of waves increases, and the angle between the wave and longitudinal axis of model decreases, the wave crests move further from the model in the lateral direction.