国外刑事再审程序的考察分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Foreign Criminal Retrial Procedure

作为矫正误判的立法设计,刑事再审制度成为"公正被平等地施与每一个人"的诉讼目标得以实现的最后一道屏障。这种裁判的权威性向正义原则的理性让步是人类多种价值目标冲突与选择的结果。因而,刑事再审程序作为一种程序上的纠错机制,其设计是否科学合理,不仅关系到生效裁判的稳定性,也关系到国家刑罚权的实现以及当事人的权利保护。英美法系和大陆法系国家都认可该制度的重要作用,允许其存在,只是在适用上的广泛性以及条件的严格性方面有所不同。

Legislation designed as a correction of a miscarriage of justice, criminal retrial system has become a last barrier to achieve“just and equal giving everyone”litigation objectives. The authority of the referee rational concessions to the principles of justice is the result of many human conflicts and choice of value targets. Thus, the criminal retrial procedure as a procedural error correction mechanism, its design is scientific and reasonable, not only related to the entry into force of the stability of the referee, but also related to the realization of the right of national penalties as well as matters relating to the protection of the rights of the parties. Common law and Continental law countries have recognized the important role of the system, allowing it to exist, but the strict terms of extensive and conditions applicable are different.