啤酒酵母的通透性对ATP生产活性的影响

Effects of Cell Permeability on the Activity of Brewer's Yeast for ATP Production

利用甲苯、超声波和气流干燥等方法，对用于ＡＴＰ生产的啤酒酵母进行处理，考察了酵母细胞的通透性对其ＡＴＰ生产活性的影响。结果表明，腺苷（Ａｄｏ）转化率低于２０％ 的好气培养细胞（Ａ－细胞）经处理后，转化率提高到３０％ ～１００％ ；Ａｄｏ 转化率高的氧限制培养细胞（Ｍ－细胞）通透处理后，ＡＴＰ合成反应的时间缩短１～２ｈ。经通透化处理的酵母细胞能更有效地释放胞内物质和表现出较高的乙醇脱氢酶（ＡＤＨ）、己糖激酶（ＨＫ）活性；其ＡＴＰ生产的活性得到不同程度的提高。Ｍ－细胞的通透性相对优于Ａ－细胞；细胞的ＡＴＰ生产活性与其细胞膜／壁的通透性相关。

This correlation between cell permeability and the cell enzymatic activity for ATP production was studied in brewer's yeast, Sacchromyces cerevisiae. Cell (A cell) cultured aerobically has less per meability and activity than that cell (M cell) cultured under oxygen limited condition. When these cells were treated with φ =0.02 toluene or by ultrasonic disruption and air dried respectively, the conversion rate for ATP was increased from 20% to 30%~100% in A cells, and the reaction time for ATP production was decreased from 4~5 hours to 2~3 hours in M cells. The permeabilized cells showed higher activity in biocatalysis for ATP production. Our results indicate that the permeabilization of yeast cells is related to its culture conditions and may reflect partly the cellular enzyme activity for glucose metabolism and ATP production.