城乡梯度上哈尔滨城市杂草分布格局及生境型生态种组划分

Distribution Pattern of Weed along an Urban-rural Gradient in Harbin and Classification of Habitat Type and Ecological Species Group

于2010—2011年对哈尔滨中心城区杂草种类进行系统调查,以内环线、中环线、外环线为区界,将哈尔滨市域划分为3个不同的区域(U1、U2、U3),结合杂草的分布特征,并联系杂草生物学及生态学特征进行生境型生态种组划分。结果表明:哈尔滨中心城区杂草共175种,隶属于39科128属;杂草物种分布与城乡梯度具有相关性,沿"内环-中环-外环"线逐渐减低,U3(159种)>U2(118种)>U1(88种),表明随着城市化程度越高,杂草物种是减少的;通过聚类分析,杂草划分为5个生态种组。

The species of weed in urban areas of Harbin were investigated from 2010 to 2011. The urban areas of Harbin was divided into three different regions （U1, U2, U3 ）according to the Inner Ring, Middle Ring Road and Outer Ring Road. Based on the distribution characteristics of weed, habitat type and ecological species were classified according to the biology and ecological characteristics. The results showed that 175 species in the urban areas of Harbin belonged to 128 genera and 39 families. The species of weed had certain correlations with urban-rural gradient, that was U3 （159 species） 〉 U2（ 118 species） 〉 U1 （88 species）. It showed that the number of weed species decreased along with the degree of urbanization. According to the cluster analysis, 175 species were clustered into 5 groups of ecological species.