长耳鴞眼球显微结构的观察

Eyeball Microstructure in Long-Eared Owl

用光镜研究了长耳号鸟 (Asiootus)眼球的显微结构 ,同时测量了其眼球的一些光学参数。长耳号鸟的眼球近于筒形 ,角膜径与眼球径的比例为1∶1.45 ;晶状体径与角膜径的比值为1 1.20。巩膜角膜肌、睫状肌发达 ,使其具有很强的双重调节能力 ;虹膜括约肌、瞳孔放大肌能迅速调节瞳孔大小 ;视网膜中视细胞由视杆细胞和视锥细胞组成 ,以视杆细胞占据绝对优势 ,而神经节细胞较少 ,从而使其光敏度提高。该结构充分显示了夜行性猛禽在弱光下搜索定位猎物的适应性特点。

The eyeball microstructure of Long-eared owl was studied with light microscope, and some optic parameters were measured. The eyeball of Long-eared owl is of sphere. The proportion of the corneal diameter to the eyeball's is 11.45, and that of the len's diameter to the corneas is 11.20. Its sclerocorneal muscle and ciliary muscle are flourishing, which cause its ability of double-regulating developed. The iritis sphincter and pupil enlarging muscle can regulate the size of the pupil quickly. There are rods and cones cells in Long-eared owls retina. The dominant part of the visual cell is the rode cell and the neuromere cell being less that make its eyes high photosensistive. All these show the adaptability characteristics of the noctural birds for searching and locating of preys in the dark environment.