论我国城镇化的科学推进——城镇化应注意的五个问题

Five Important Problems in the Process of Urbanization

城镇化是世界各国走向现代化的必由之路。针对我国城镇化过程中出现的问题,推动我国城镇化健康发展,必须遵循客观规律,人口城镇化与城镇二、三产业发展对劳动力的需求相适应;与人口向城镇的迁徙相对应,必须有完善的住房、教育、社会保障等措施相配套,从而保证进城农民生活质量得到明显改善;重视进城农民素质的全面提升,增强他们对城镇工作、生活的适应能力,最终使他们真正实现从农民到市民的彻底转变;城镇建设要从我国耕地稀缺的特殊国情出发,坚持集约节约的用地原则,纠正城镇空间的低密度、粗放式扩展,提高单位建成区面积内的承载力,走内涵式发展道路;积极进行户籍管理制度和农地制度创新,为推进城镇化扫清制度障碍;正确处理好大中小城市和小城镇的关系,以大城市带动城市群发展,形成科学合理的城镇体系;城镇化与新农村建设协同推进,防止城乡差距进一步扩大。

Urbanization is the necessary way to modernizations for countries all over the world. How- ever, there occur many problems in the process of urbanization in China. In order to promote the development of urbanization, we must follow the objective laws. The population urbanization and the development of the second and third industry in cities and towns should meet the demand for labor. When farmers migrate to urban areas, there must be perfect housing, education, social security and other measures for them to improve the quality of their lives. Attention must be paid to improving farmers＂ qualities, enhance their abilities to work in cities and towns, and finally make them change their status from farmers to citi- zens. Because of the limited cultivated land, urban construction should follow the principles of intensive development and land saving. The extensive urban space expansion with low density should be corrected to increase the carrying capacity of unit area. The systems of household registration management and farm- land should be innovated to clear obstacles to urbanization. It is also important to coordinate the relation- ship between the large, medium cities and small towns. Big cities should stimulate the development of urban agglomeration to form a scientific and rational urban system. Besides, we need to carry out urbanization and new rural construction jointly to prevent the widening of urban-rural gap.