18世纪越南的三教寺和三教思想

On Vietnamese Thought of Three Religions in 18th Century

流行儒释道三教的古代越南,有着与中国类似的"三教一原"思想。在18世纪,有迹可寻的三教寺至少有两个,分别是河内八景山和谅山二青岗三教寺。当时的越南文人多持有三教一原思想,其代表有状元郑穗、黎贵惇和吴时仕等人,或言三教"其本皆归于正心修身",或言"三教一门,三宗一理"。18世纪,越南民间还广受天主教传播的影响,有人试图将新来的天主教与原有三教会同,虽在当时没有取得成功,但三教一原思想和会同四教的尝试,毫无疑问是近代和好教和高台教的先声。

In ancient Vietnam,there were three religions originated in China,Buddhism,Daoism and Confucianism.Vietnamese had the simliar opinion with China that the three religions had same origin.There were at least two temples of three religions in Vietnam in 18th century,one situated in the Bac Canh mountain of Hanoi,and the other in Lang Son.In that period,many Vietnamese scholars had the thought'three religions of the same origin'.Well-known primer doctor Trinh Tuy,Le Quy Don and Ngo Thi Thi were representative figures.In the same period,Catholicism was spreaded widely in Vietnam.Some Vietnamese attempted to mingle the four religions.It achieved nothing.However,the thought of 'three religions of the same origin'and the mingle of four religions promoted the establishment of Hoa Hao and Cao Dai,which almost mingled all religions in Vietnam.