东北地区玉米整地、播种和收获气象适宜度评价模型

Evaluation Model of Meteorological Suitability for Maize Soil Preparation,Sowing and Harvesting in Northeast China

天气、土壤条件影响玉米整地、播种和收获作业的质量及作业效率,进而影响到苗情、产量和生产成本,东北地区相关的农业气象要素是土壤湿度、土壤解冻深度、温度、日雨量和风力等。根据气象、土壤条件对玉米整地、播种和收获的影响,用模糊隶属函数建立了这些农事活动气象适宜度评价函数及其农业气象指标,用权重法分别建立了整地、播种和收获综合气象适宜度评价模型。检验结果表明,这些模式和指标符合实际,可以用于相关农事活动的气象适宜度评价业务。在气温和降水等气象要素预报的基础上,该模型还可以用于相关农事气象适宜度和适宜期的预报。

Weather and soil conditions affect the operation quality and production efficiency of maize soil preparation, sowing and harvesting, as well as maize growth, yields and costs. The agricultural meteoro- logical factors in the Northeast of China are soil moisture, soil thawing depth, temperature, precipitation and wind. According to the effect of weather and vesting, this membership paper developed the meteorologica S 1 function, and defined the agricultural oil conditions on maize soil preparation, sowing and har suitability functions Of the farm work by using fuzzy meteorological index, then the comprehensive meteoro- logical suitability evaluation model was constructed by using the weighted sum method. The result of ex- amination showed that the model and index are workable and can be used in the meteorological suitability evaluations on the farm work. On the basis of temperature and precipitation forecasts and other meteoro logical elements, the model can also be used in the forecast of meteorological suitability of the farm work.