钙蛋白酶系统与烧伤后骨骼肌消耗的关系研究进展

Advances in the research of the relationship between cal- pains and post-burn skeletal muscle wasting

钙蛋白酶系统由一系列的钙蛋白酶和钙蛋白酶抑制剂构成。钙蛋白酶是一类钙依赖性蛋白酶，属于半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶超家族成员，广泛分布于绝大多数哺乳动物组织中。骨骼肌中主要表达钙蛋白酶、钙蛋白酶、钙蛋白酶及内源性钙蛋白酶抑制剂”。钙蛋白酶活化后参与蛋白的降解、细胞凋亡、细胞骨架的形成、细胞周期的循环、信号转导、基因表达调控、细胞生长过程中的蛋白更新等多种生理过程。在肌营养不良、脓毒症、缺血再灌注等病理条件下，钙蛋白酶的过度活化会水解多种细胞骨架蛋白，改变细胞正常生理功能，造成组织损伤。

Calpains are intracellular uoalysosmnal Caregulated eysteine proteases, widely located in the tissues of most mammals. Skeletal muscle tissue mainly expresses m-calpain, caplaiu, n-calpain, and their endogenous inhibitor calpastatin. They are closely related to the cell apoplosis, eytoskeletonrmation, cell cycles, etc. Calpains are also considered to be participating in the protein degradation process. Severe burns are typically followed by hypermetabolic responses that are characterized by hyperdynamic circulatory responses with increased proteolysis and cell apoptosis. Recently, overloa- ding of Cain skeletal muscle cells, which activates the calpains is observed after a serious burn. This paper aims to review the current research of the relationship between calpains and post-burn skeletal muscle wasting from the perspectives of structure, function, and physiological activities.