纤维胶原素与疾病

Ficolins and associated diseases

纤维胶原素(ficolin)是一类包括胶原样结构域和纤维蛋白素原样结构域的新型凝集素分子,它是以球状的纤维蛋白素原样结构为功能区,能特异地识别N-乙酰葡萄糖胺(GlcNAc)和特定的病原物,并与MBL相关丝氨酸蛋白酶(MASP)相结合通过凝集素途径激活补体,在天然免疫中起着非常重要的作用。本文对ficolin的组织表达、蛋白定位、配体结合和细菌识别等当前研究成果进行了总结,探讨了ficolin与疾病的关系,并从比较免疫学的角度讨论了该分子的特点。综合这些研究结果表明ficolin在天然免疫中对"非我"的识别和清除起着至关重要的作用。

Ficolins are novel lectins consisting of an N-terminal collagen-like domain and a C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain. Ficolins employ the globular fibrinogen-like domain as a functional domain, which specifically recognize GlcNAc and certain pathogens, complexes form with MASPs, thereby activating the complement system through the lectin pathway. Ficolins play important roles in host innate immunity. This review provides an overview of current knowledge of ficolins, including tissue expression, protein location sites, and ligand-binding and bacteria-recognition. We also discuss the relationship between ficolins and associated diseases, and understand this molecule＇s property from an evolutionary perspective. All of these indicate that ficolins play crucial roles in the recognition and elimination of non-self in host innate immunity.