北宋东京的住宅位置考论

Investigation of Residential Position in Dongjing of the Northern Song Dynasty

北宋东京分布着大量的私人住宅,通过广泛搜讨各种史料,考订落实其位置分布,可以发现:私人住宅在东京内城的分布呈现由东南向西北递减的现象;外城南部的住宅数量最多,北部次之,东部和西部的数量相当,均比较少,东南部的住宅较密集,西北部较荒僻;外城靠近内城城门的区位也聚集有不少住宅。私人住宅与其他性质的都市空间交错杂处。在"贫富混居"的表象背后,东京城还是存在着贫民区及其对应的富人区,其最根本的原因就在于不同区位的环境优劣及其造成的地价、房价的差异。黄金地段在流动中始终为富贵之家所拥有,这是商品经济社会的总体趋势,也是社会流动在城市空间分布上的一种映射。

There are a large number of private residences in Dongjing of the Northern Song Dynasty. On the basis of investigating various historial materials, the distribution of these residences has the following features. First, the number of private residences in the inner city of Dongjing decreases from the southeast to the northwest. Second, in the outer city, the number in the south overweighs other parts. Third, there are also many residences in the outer city near the gates of the inner city. Fourth, private residences interweave with other buildings. Inevitably, there are also slums and rich neighbourhoods, which is due to the different environments in different regions and the difference in land price and housing price. The flow of the golden regions is always in the control of rich families, which is the general tendency of commodity society and which is also the reflec- tion of society flow in the distribution of city space.