中国相声的包袱艺术新论

A New Discussion on the Art of Jokes in Chinese Cross Talks

相声是中国喜剧的典型代表,至今是广大群众喜闻乐见的主流喜剧形式,具有重要的研究价值。相声是包袱的艺术,包袱是相声艺术的宗旨和核心。包袱不仅仅源于滑稽幽默的语言,其核心本质是:现挂,即现场抓包袱,话题指向观众和现实,形成包袱的关键;叙事荒诞、错位以求出奇制胜,形成包袱的主干;人物滑稽和矛盾的性格形成包袱的核心。

As a typical representative of Chinese comedy,the cross talk has so far remained the mainstay comic form popular with the masses and has been of significant research value.The cross talk is an art of jokes which are its tenet and core.Apart from the use of funny and humorous language,jokes have their crux in the application of laughing stocks on the scene,that is,the on-the-spot use of laughing stocks related to the audience and social reality can be the key of jokes;while the ridiculous narrative and the malposition as a surprise act can be the trunk of jokes,and comical figures and their characters form the core of jokes.