microRNA及其在肾脏疾病中的作用

MicroRNA and their role in kidney disease

microRNA(miRNA)是一组片段短小的非编码RNA,通过阻断靶基因的蛋白质翻译或诱导其mRNA降解从而抑制靶基因的表达。目前,miRNA已迅速成为肾脏疾病相关的生物医学研究领域的新方向。miRNA被证实参与糖尿病肾病、IgA肾病等肾脏疾病的发生、发展及预后。因此miRNA有可能是未来针对这些疾病治疗的新靶点。本文目的是综述已有关于miRNA参与肾脏病理生理过程及对各肾脏疾病发挥作用的研究成果,并为今后肾脏疾病的诊断、治疗提供参考。

microRNAs （miRNA） are a group of short non-coding RNA, which could inhibit target gene expression via blocking the target gene protein translation or inducing mRNA degradation. Currently, miRNA has quickly become the new direction of the kidney disease-related biomedical research, miRNA has been shown to participate in the development and prognosis of the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and other kidney diseases. Therefore, miRNA may be a new target for the treatment of these diseases in the future. This review is to summarize miRNA in renal physiology and pathology and the participation process and the role of research in various kidney diseases, and to provide references for diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease in the future.