日本的行政官僚们为何能“稳坐钓鱼船”？

Why The Japan Administrative Bureaucrats Can Keep Their Position Steady？

近年来，日本政坛内阁更替频繁，人员变化不断，但是，日本政坛并未出现大规模的动荡，政坛的走马换将并未导致社会其它领域的无序和混乱。究其原因，是日本的文官常任制度保证了日本政坛有一个成熟和有效的国家管理集团，高层的更换对整个文官的影响并不突出。此外，文官具有的治国专业技术，使得无论谁人组阁，都要对文官有所依仗，日本特有的“年勤序列制”，又进一步鼓励了文官专心专职工作，最终形成了内阁人员走马换，文官“稳坐钓鱼船”的稳定政治生态。

Recent years, Japan replaced cabinet frequently. Although the members of cabinet changed irregularly, Japanese politics are not in the mass. The diversification of politics didn＇t lead to social chaos and disorder in other areas. This paper considers that the civil servants system provides a mature and effective national control group to Japan and replacement of cabinet had little influence to regular servants system. In addition, this paper makes a further conclusion that civil servants have the professional technical of governing the country, and no matter who form a cabinet will depend on them, so the civil servants system is the core of stable political environment.