海军飞行人员非酒精性脂肪肝调查及相关危险因素分析

Survey on the prevalence and risk factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver among navy aviators

目的了解海军飞行人员非酒精性脂肪肝的发病情况,进一步分析其危险因素,为海军飞行部队脂肪肝防治提供理论依据。方法以在解放军杭州疗养院海勤疗养区保健疗养的562名飞行人员为调查对象,测量身高、体质量并计算体质量指数(BMI);检测收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、胆红素(TB)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、空腹血糖(FPG)、乙肝两对半等指标,并作肝脏B超检查。结果发现脂肪肝117例(其中轻度和中度脂肪肝分别为74人和43人),患病率为20.1%;轻、中度脂肪肝组DBP、BMI、ALT、TC、TG、FPG超标、超重或肥胖、高胆固醇血症及高三酰甘油血症的发生率较正常组显著升高,且中度脂肪肝组显著高于轻度脂肪肝组;相对于普通人群,海军飞行人员超重或肥胖组、高胆固醇血症组和高三酰甘油血症组的脂肪肝的发病率显著升高;Pearson相关分析显示脂肪肝发生率与BMI、ALT、TC、TG、FPG等因素呈正相关。结论海军飞行人员非酒精性脂肪肝患病率与国内总体水平相当;超重或肥胖、高脂血症、高血糖及高血压是非酒精性脂肪肝的危险因素,须予以重视并加以防治。

Objective To know the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver （NAFL） among navy aviators and to analyze associ- ated risk factors, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of NAFL among navy aviators. Methods Enrolled for the study were 562 navy aviators, who stayed in the Naval Convalescent Zone, Hangzhou Sanatorium of the Nanjing Military Command for health-keeping. Body height and weight were measured, and body mass index （BMI） was also analyzed. During their stay there, fol- lowing indices were also detected： systolic blood pressure （SBP） , diastolic blood pressure （DBP） , total cholesterol （TC） , trigiycerol （TG）, total bilirubin （TB）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT） , fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, HBV serology and liver ultrasonogra- phy. Results Of the 562 subjects, 117 were diagnosed as non-alcoholic fatty liver, among whom 74 had mild fatty liver and 43 had moderate fatty liver, with a total incidence of 20.1%. For those aviators with mild or moderate fatty liver and with overweight or obesi- ty, DBP, BMI, ALT, TC, TG and FPG levels were all beyond normal ranges. Rates of hyperchotesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia among the aviators were significantly higher than those of the normal control, with the occurrence rate for the aviators with moderate fatty liver being obviously higher than that for the aviators with mild fatty liver. Corresponding to normal population, incidence of NAFL for those aviators with overweight, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia increased significantly. Pearson＇s correlation analysis showed that incidence of NAFL was positively correlated with such factors as BMI, ALT, TC, TG and FPG （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Incidence of NAFL among navy aviators was comparable to that of the general Chinese population. Overweight or obesity, hyperlipemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension were major risk factors of NAFL, to which emphasis should be paid for its prevention and treatment.