珍稀植物华顶杜鹃群落分类和物种多样性研究

On the Community Classification and Species Diversity of Rhododendron huadingense

在中国珍稀植物华顶杜鹃分布区的华顶山和大盘山建立样地进行群落学调查,并对地区间的物种相似性、群落相似性及物种多样性进行分析.结果表明:华顶山的2个样地与大盘山的4个样地间物种相似性Sorensen系数为0.333 3,6个样地相似性的PCoA分析差异也较大,反映了华顶杜鹃所处群落的相似性小、异质性大;Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数在各个样地的乔木层、灌木层和草本层变化趋势一致,表现为黄山松林和柳杉林的乔木层多样性低而蜡瓣花林的多样性最高,灌木层的多样性指数则表现为黄山松林、化香-黄山松林高,黄山松-华顶杜鹃林最低,说明华顶杜鹃所处群落不稳定;从群落相似性和稳定性角度出发,华顶杜鹃首要应开展就地保护,尽量避免人为干扰,同时加大人工繁育研究.

Abstract： Based on the coenology investigation in Huading Mountain and Dapan Mountain where are the distribution regions of Rhododendron huadingense, the paper analyzed the species similarity, community similarity and species similarity between the two regions. The results show that the Sorensen index of species similarity between two plots in Huanding Mountain and four plots in Dapan Mountain reaches 0. 333 3. PCoA of six plots is great different, which shows great heterogeneity of the communities of Rhododendron huadingense. The Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index vary to the consistent trend in the tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer of the plots. In the tree layer, the species diversity of Corylopsis sinensis community is the highest, while those of Pinus taiwanensis community and Cryptorneria fortunei community are the lowest. In shrub layer, the species diversity of Pinus taiwanensis community and Platycarya strobilacea-Pinus taiwanensis community are the highest, whereas that of Pinus taiwanensis-Rhododendron huadingense community is the lowest. The species diversity embodies that the communities of Rhododendron huadingense are not stable. Based on the community similarity and stability, the chief protective measures for Rhododendron huadingense are iwsitu conservation, avoiding human disturbance and increasing the researches on the artificial breeding.