“田野回声”五人谈:中国意识与人类学意趣

"Echo of the Field":Five People's Conversation on Ideology of China and Anthropological Connotation

中国是一种以想象为基础的意识觉知与自我强化,因此,田野工作应当着力捕捉中国意识的折射;在文化整体性视角中,中国意识能够为研究提供更周全的场景,而出色的人类学研究同时需要明确的问题意识和学科问题。中国意识、学科问题和个人兴趣是一个不断融合的过程;田野工作中,研究者对情感体验应当给予相当的关注,情感作为一种研究路径,也是理解社会的重要密码;田野工作应当被放置于历史的脉络和文本中,结合文化的共时性与共通性,形成理解性的认识。在田野工作方法日益被其他学科借用之时,人类学和这一方法之间依然互构着权威性,在多学科互动与合作中,人类学有责任对田野工作方法所渗透的中国意识有着更明确的认知与倡导。

China can be regarded as a kind of imagination-based cultural self-awareness and self-consolidation, so the relevant fieldwork must focus on capturing the reflections of Chinese consciousness. In a holistic view of culture, Chinese consciousness can provide studies with a more panoramic scenario, while outstanding anthropological research should have a strong sense of revealing problems and a clear understanding of disciplinary problems. Chinese conscious- ness, disciplinary problems and personal interests keep blending with each other. When conducting fieldwork, researchers should pay much attention to emotional experience, which can be regarded as a way to conduct research and significant code for understanding the world. Anthropological studies should be put into his- torical context and, by combining synehronicity and commonality together, de- veloped into comprehensive understanding. When the fieldwork approach is in- creasingly borrowed by many other disciplines, there is authority jointly con-structed by anthropology and the approach itself. When cooperating and interac-ting with other disciplines, anthropology bears the responsibility of clearly un-derstanding and promoting Chinese consciousness influenced by the fieldwork ap-proach.